Kumamoto University, Faculty of Life Sciences
Neural circuits related to feelings of hunger and fullness
The hypothalamus, a part of the brain region, has a lot of neurons that regulate appetite.
Anorexigenic POMC neurons and orexigenic NPY / AgRP neurons are the famous ones.
Nutrients and hormones produced from peripheral tissues regulate these hypothalamic neurons.
Recent research has revealed that the brain regions other than the hypothalamus are also critical for regulating appetite.
Glucose sensor in the brain
There are neurons in the brain whose activity is increased or decreased by the change in blood glucose levels.
They are called glucose-sensing neurons.
There are two types of glucose-sensing neurons
"glucose-excited neuron" and
"glucose-inhibited neuron"
These neurons keep blood sugar levels constant.
Nutritional status changes emotions and behaviors
Have you ever been irritated when you are hungry or feeling comfortable when you are full?
This is because the nutritional status of the body affects neurons that control emotion and behavior.
Where are they?
How do they change neuronal activity?